The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), formerly known as Food Stamps, is undergoing its most significant overhaul in years, with many new rules taking effect starting November 1, 2025.1 These federal changes aim to tighten eligibility for certain groups and update benefit calculations to reflect current costs of living.2
These updates, largely stemming from the One Big Beautiful Bill Act of 2025 (OBBBA), impact low-income families, working adults, and certain non-citizens.3 Understanding these key shifts is essential for both new applicants and current beneficiaries to maintain their monthly food assistance.
New Rules for Work Requirements (ABAWDs)
The biggest policy change in November is the full enforcement and expansion of work requirements for Able-Bodied Adults Without Dependents (ABAWDs).4 This group faces a time limit on benefits unless specific criteria are met.
- The Time Limit: ABAWDs can only receive SNAP benefits for three months in any 36-month period unless they meet the work rules.5
- The Requirement: To continue receiving benefits beyond the three-month limit, ABAWDs must work, participate in a training program, or volunteer for at least 80 hours per month (approximately 20 hours per week).6
- Age Expansion: The upper age limit for the ABAWD rule is increasing.7 Previously, adults up to age 54 were subject to the rule; now, the time limit applies to many people up to age 65.8
- New Exemptions: While some exemptions remain (e.g., being pregnant, disabled, or medically unfit for work), several previous exemptions have been removed, including those for being homeless and being a veteran (though states may still apply discretionary exemptions).
Updated Income and Benefit Calculations
The USDA has updated financial thresholds for Fiscal Year (FY) 2025, which began on October 1, ensuring that benefit calculations keep pace with inflation.9
- Income Limits Raised: To qualify, a household’s Gross Monthly Income must generally be at or below 130% of the Federal Poverty Line (FPL).10 These limits have been adjusted upward, meaning a slightly higher income may still allow a family to qualify than in the previous year.11
- Net Income Test: After deductions (like child care, dependent care, and certain medical expenses for the elderly/disabled), a household’s Net Monthly Income must be at or below 100% of the FPL.
- Utility Deduction Change: Households without an elderly or disabled member may now be required to prove they incur actual utility expenses to claim the Standard Utility Allowance (SUA), which is a key deduction that helps increase the final benefit amount.12
| Household Size | Max Monthly Allotment (48 States & D.C.) | Max Gross Monthly Income (Approx. 130% FPL) |
| 1 Person | $\$298$ | $\$1,718$ |
| 2 People | $\$546$ | $\$2,326$ |
| 3 People | $\$785$ | $\$2,933$ |
| 4 People | $\$994$ | $\$3,540$ |
| For each additional member, add: | $$218 | +$583 |
Note: Benefits vary by state.13 The table shows the federal maximum allotment for the 48 contiguous states.
Eligibility Changes for Non-Citizens
The OBBBA also tightens eligibility for certain legal non-citizens.14
- The law now limits eligibility to U.S. citizens, U.S. nationals, Lawful Permanent Residents (LPRs or Green Card holders), Cuban/Haitian Entrants, and citizens of the Compacts of Free Association (COFA) nations.15
- Impact: Certain lawfully present non-citizens, such as some refugees or people granted asylum who have not yet obtained LPR status and met the five-year waiting period, may no longer be eligible under the new rules.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q. Will my SNAP benefit amount increase in November 2025?
A. The maximum benefit amounts were set based on updated poverty guidelines effective October 1, 2025.16 Your actual benefit amount is calculated based on your income and expenses, but the overall federal standards have been revised upward.
Q. Who is exempt from the new work requirements?
A. Individuals under 18 or over 64, those medically certified as unfit for work, pregnant individuals, and caregivers of a dependent child under age 14 are generally exempt from the 80-hour-per-month rule.17
Q. Do I need to reapply for benefits due to these new rules?
A. Existing recipients do not need to reapply immediately.18 The new rules, including work requirements, will be applied to your case during your next scheduled annual recertification period.19
Q. How do I check if I am considered an ABAWD?
A. You are generally considered an ABAWD if you are aged 18-65, physically and mentally able to work, and do not have dependent children under age 14 in your household.20 Your state SNAP office will determine your official status during recertification.21
Conclusion: Plan for Recertification
The SNAP rules effective in November 2025 introduce stricter compliance measures, particularly regarding work and eligibility status.22 While some families will benefit from the higher income limits, many working-age adults face new time limits and the loss of previous exemptions.23
To ensure your benefits remain uninterrupted, you should prioritize your next SNAP recertification. Check your state’s official website for updated guidelines and gather all necessary documentation, especially proof of income and utility expenses.